Middle East and North Africa Reform: Rooted in Economic and Political Ground

Paper at a Glance

• The key to successful reforms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is building on the linkages between democratic governance and market economies.

• Demographic pressures, an inefficient public sector, and the need for economic diversification led by the private sector are some of the top challenges facing MENA countries.

• Meaningful reforms require moving away from entrenched state monopolies on political and economic power.

• MENA governments should focus on creating an enabling environment for the private sector to lead sustainable economic growth and job creation.

• Through institutions of democratic governance, grassroots private sector voices can provide invaluable guidance on the design and implementation of reforms.